The measurements may be recorded in tabular format. E of the alloy which is very important in determining the mechanical properties. From the microscope reading, the mean depression e for a given mass is found. Youngs modulus experiment 1 beam structure youngs modulus. Appliedstatics eme1016 copyright 2020 studeersnel b. The relations from which youngs modulus may be computed from mechanical flexural and longitudinal resonance frequencies have been established by an empirical method using two sets of steel bars. Optical measurement techniques determine youngs modulus of sand core materials. Youngs modulus youngs modulus is the elastic modulus we use for deformation which takes place when a force which is parallel to the axis of the object is applied to one face while the opposite face is held fixed by another equal force. Elasticity modulus or youngs modulus commonly used. Determination of youngs modulus for spruce, fir and.
The corresponding stretch of the wire will be measured on a rotating dial. You will have to convert the dial division readings to a. Elastic and shear moduli of coal measure rocks derived from. The value of is calculated and hence calculate the youngs modulus of the given material bar. Mechanical properties and microstructure investigation of. The modulus of elasticity is determined from the bending and the geometric data of the. We designed and con structed an apparatus to measure the youngs modulus of copper and steel. Youngs modulus of fishing wire abstract i have found out that there is a reduction in errors when there are accurate ways of measuring used such as using a micrometre instead of vernier caliphers and using a wire with a smaller diameter means we can be more accurate with measuring the youngs. Rubber is used to make elastic bands, but rubber and rubberlike substances have very poor elastic properties. The same procedure is repeated for unloading the weights in steps of half kg. Evaluation worksheet for youngs modulus experiment. Determination of youngs modulus and poissons ratio using.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license, version 1. Activityforces, elasticity, stress, strain and youngs modulus handout 2 elasticity and youngs modulus elasticity describes a material property in which the material returns to its original shape after stress has been applied and then removed. Searles apparatus consists of two metal frames f1 and f2. Youngs modulus, e, of the single crystalline cementite sheet was derived from the elastic beam bending theory 16, which assumed that the beams follow the eulerbernoulli beambending equations due to the relative longer length of the beam as compared to its. When thinking about elasticity, think about a coiled metal spring or a rubber band.
Youngs modulus of a cantilever, help please physics forums. The force applied to stretch the will come from hanging weights from the wire. For 20 gauge copper wire the following experimental results produced a young s modulus constant of 6063 mpa, or 6. October 21, 2005 using the paterson gasmedium apparatu s, you will measure axial load, axial displacement, and determine the youngs modulus, yield strength of an intact rock core specimen. The mechanical properties of electroplated cu thin films. Video of the experiment to determine the youngs modulus of a metal wire using a travelling microscope. The yield stress of the thickest films is 225 mpa, but it increases to about 300 mpa for the thinnest film, compared to approximately 100 mpa for bulk polycrystalline cu 7. The value for the young modulus i got was far off from the true value, but i think this was expected. Abstract experimental setup determining youngs modulus stress.
With the knowledge that bone has a youngs modulus of 1. Youngs modulus, or the young modulus, is a mechanical property that measures the stiffness of a solid material. Youngs modulus experiment 1 free download as word doc. Youngs modulus of fishing wire abstract i have found out that there is a reduction in errors when there are accurate ways of measuring used such as using a micrometre instead of vernier caliphers and using a wire with a smaller diameter means we can be more accurate with measuring the youngs modulus of a fishing wire. Corrections were made to address the infinite size of the substrates inherent in hertz theory and to incorporate the nonlinearity of the material using the finiteelement method 7.
Young s modulus y stressstrain youngs modulus can be used in the following equation. Youngs modulus can be calculated using the equation 3 simulator procedure as performed through the online labs select the environment from the drop down list. When compared to the accepted value this represents a percent difference of 94. Forces, elasticity, stress, strain and youngs modulus.
Yourigs maddlus appararnsa rrhcromerer,a vernrer caliper, a meter stick. Pdf an optical measurement test setup was used to determine the elastic modulus of chemically. This is the working formula of the experiment, and is valid so long as the slope of the bar at any point with respect. In this equation, f is equal to the force applied to the structure, y is the young s modulus for the material. The physics guide is a free and unique educational youtube channel. The raw measurements are related but slightly different to make for a. Dec 15, 2017 video of the experiment to determine the young s modulus of a metal wire using a travelling microscope. Youngs modulus experiment appliedstatics eme1016 mmu. Determine the young modulus of a material objective. Determine the young modulus of a material objective to take measurements of a long wire to determine the young modulus for copper. Determination of youngs modulus of glass by cornus apparatus objective to determine youngs modulus and poissons ratio of a glass plate using cornus method. Experiment 3 modulus of elasticity related topics young s modulus, modulus of elasticity, stress, deformation, poissons ratio, hookes law. Experimentally, the elastic modulus can be determined from the stressstrain response of a rock sample subjected to uniaxial compression.
From these readings, the mean depression e of the midpoint of the bar for a given mass is determined. Youngs modulus is a measure of the ability of a material to withstand changes in length under lengthwise tension or compression. Equipment youngs modulus apparatus weights 4 2kg, 2 1kg, and 1kg of smaller weights micrometer laboratory. The modulus of elasticity youngs modulus e is a material property, that describes its stiffness and is therefore one of the most important properties of solid. Normally, we use searles method to measure the youngs modulus of a material. Youngs modulus of a cantilever, help please 1 background. An apparatus to measure youngs modulus high point, nc. Youngs modulus also, known as modulus of elasticity, it is the ratio of longitudinal stress to that of longitudinal strain. Experimental study of youngs modulus dispersion and attenuation in fully saturated sandstones article pdf available in geophysics 805. E is a measure for the ratio between the stress applied to the body and the resulting strain, where stress tensioncross section of the body also referred to as. Background information what is youngs modulus, how do we use a stress strain curve to determine it, etc 3.
Starting with a suspended mass of 1 kg just the large mass hanger, measure and record the wire extension as a function of suspended mass in increments of 2 kg or 3kg, until the suspended mass reaches 11 kg. Youngs modulus y is defined as the ratio of the stress to the strain. The youngs modulus of aluminum alloys was increased by approximately 6% for every 1 wt. Describe a good technique for measuring the diameter.
For the whole of our experiment, we assume that hookes law is being obeyed and that we are within the elastic limits of the material. Objective to study the stress and strain of the material, to study the various region and stressstrain behavior using the stressstrain diagram, to determine the young s modules of elasticity and to study the ductile behavior of the material. Elasticity modulus or youngs modulus commonly used symbol. Pdf a simple experiment on flexural vibrations and youngs. Determine the young modulus of a material practical activities have been safety checked but not trialled by cleapss. The theory before we move ahead, do you know what a searles apparatus is. In the process, you will gain an understanding of the concepts of stress and strain. I am doing an experiment determining the youngs modulus of a cantilever through principles of shm i. Both sets contained rectangular and cylindrical specimens. Comparison of youngs modulus calculated from freefree resonance flexure tests and static three and fourpoint bending tests were performed for 16 types of wood by curie 1989. Youngs modulus is also termed the modulus of elasticity. Youngs modulus is the slope of a stress versus strain curve. Explain why a long wire is most suitable for this experiment. In this experiment you will learn to determine youngs modulus of a material by the method of bending of beams.
The young s modulus for copper and other hard materials e. What i want to know is the problems that can occur during a standard classroom experiment that could effect the. Youngs modulus is a numerical constant, named after the 18thcentury english physician and physicist thomas young. However, this is a complicated and time consuming experiment. Point a is the yield stress at which the alloy starts to deform plastically and is normally defined in terms of the stress that produces a 0. It defines the relationship between stress force per unit area and strain proportional deformation in a material in the linear elasticity regime of a uniaxial deformation. Proceduremethod the dimensions for the beam were measured with a combination of vernier callipers and a ruler.
The youngs modulus for copper and other hard materials e. This channel covers theory classes, practical classes, demonstrations, animations, physics fun, puzzle and many more of the. The bigger youngs modulus is the stiffer is the material since for the same fractional change in length strain you will need a bigger force stress. There are other numbers which give us a measure of elastic properties of a material, like bulk modulus and shear modulus, but the value of youngs modulus is most commonly used. A student performs an experiment to determine the youngs modulus of a wire, exactly. Core practical 5teacher sheet determine the young modulus of a material. Young s modulus, or the young modulus, is a mechanical property that measures the stiffness of a solid material. When a rod or wire of length l and cross section a is under tension. What i want to know is the problems that can occur during a standard classroom experiment that could effect the results and the calculation of the young modulus. A patients leg was put into traction, stretching the femur from a length of 0. Young s modulus practical objective to determine the young s modulus of a steel wire using a graphical method. Pdf determination of youngs modulus of metallic and. Youngs modulus also referred to as the elastic modulus or tensile modulus, is a measure of mechanical properties of linear elastic solids like rods, wires and such. This is the working formula of the experiment, and is valid so long as the slope of the bar at any point with respect to the unstrained position is much less than unity.
Theoretical background youngs modulus, also known as modulus of elasticity is an important. Experiment 3 modulus of elasticity related topics youngs modulus, modulus of elasticity, stress, deformation, poissons ratio, hookes law. It is bent by the action a force acting at its centre. Weights are added one by one and corresponding reading are taken. This is a specific form of hookes law of elasticity. Explain why a value withtwo significant figures is appropriate for the answer. During searles experiment, zero of the vernier scale lies between 3. Youngs modulus can be calculated using the equation 3 simulator procedure as performed through the online. Thanks for contributing an answer to physics stack exchange. For 20 gauge copper wire the following experimental results produced a youngs modulus constant of 6063 mpa, or 6. To determine the youngs modulus of the material of a wire.
Elastic and shear moduli of coal measure rocks derived. Try the data analysis yourself, download a free works. From these observations the extension, l for a load m can be determined. Youngs modulus of gel substrates used to support cells by atomic force microscopy afm 7. Pdf experimental study of youngs modulus dispersion and. As the shown in figure 1 the sample was never taken past the elastic region. May 19, 2017 the physics guide is a free and unique educational youtube channel.
Theorythe young modulus e of a wire is a measure of the stiffness of a material. In any case, do not exceed a total suspended mass of 12 kg as the wire may break. Principle and task a flat bar is supported at two points. Youngs modulus by searles method experiment solved problems.
But avoid asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Find the extension caused in the wire, by attaching a weight of 100n, if the material of the wire has the youngs modulus e of 200x10 11 nm2. This is an excellent follow up exercise to the youngs modulus experiment worksheet. To determine youngs modulus of elasticity of the material of a. Users may need to adapt the risk assessment information to local circumstances. The relations from which young s modulus may be computed from mechanical flexural and longitudinal resonance frequencies have been established by an empirical method using two sets of steel bars. Elasticity of materials and youngs modulus description in this lab you will measure the youngs modulus of a metal wire. A simple experiment on flexural vibrations and youngs modulus measurement. The modulus of elasticity is determined from the bending and the geometric data of the bar. Teaching as physics practical skills finding the young modulus of a wire student worksheetin this experiment you will take measurements to determine the young modulus of a wire. Our aim is to determine the youngs modulus of elasticity of the material of a given wire using searles apparatus. The writeup of this experiment is given in a pdf document available online 8. An apparatus to measure youngs modulus michael cantor and martin dewitt, department of chemistry and physics, high point university, high point, nc abstract youngs modulus, a measure of the deformation of a material in response to an applied force, is an integral variable to consider when designing and engineering systems such as buildings.
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